{"id":260,"date":"2026-04-09T12:12:03","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T12:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/invazky.daphne.sk\/?p=260"},"modified":"2026-04-16T13:02:25","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T13:02:25","slug":"zodpovedne-zahradniceni-aneb-co-s-invaznimi-rostlinami-na-zahrade","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/invazky.daphne.sk\/cs\/uncategorized-cs\/zodpovedne-zahradniceni-aneb-co-s-invaznimi-rostlinami-na-zahrade\/","title":{"rendered":"Zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 zahradni\u010den\u00ed aneb co s\u00a0invazn\u00edmi rostlinami na zahrad\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Na jak\u00e9 rostliny si d\u00e1t pozor p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu v zahradnictv\u00ed? A jak se invazek zbavit, kdy\u017e u\u017e je m\u00e1te na zahrad\u011b? P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016fm u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 rady.<\/em>
<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O invazn\u00edch rostlin\u00e1ch sly\u0161el u\u017e asi skoro ka\u017ed\u00fd. Hodn\u011b se o nich mluv\u00ed, lid\u00e9 tu\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee jsou probl\u00e9mem a snad i podv\u011bdom\u011b ch\u00e1pou, \u010d\u00edm jsou pro n\u00e1s nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. M\u016f\u017eou p\u0159\u00edmo ohro\u017eovat \u010dlov\u011bka jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bol\u0161evn\u00edku velkolep\u00e9ho, jeho\u017e \u0161\u0165\u00e1va m\u016f\u017ee v kombinaci se sluncem zp\u016fsobit nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pop\u00e1leniny, nebo vytla\u010dovat p\u016fvodn\u00ed vegetace na\u0161ich ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b trnovn\u00edku ak\u00e1tu nebo net\u00fdkavky \u017elaznat\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tyto \u201evelk\u00e9 stra\u0161\u00e1ky\u201c v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed potkala nebo o nich aspo\u0148 sly\u0161ela a zn\u00e1 je. M\u00e1lokdo ale dok\u00e1\u017ee vyjmenovat n\u011bjak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed druhy, nato\u017e \u0159\u00edct, odkud a jak se k n\u00e1m tyto rostliny dostaly, jak se staly invazn\u00edmi a jestli m\u016f\u017eou \u201evznikat\u201c dal\u0161\u00ed. Jen\u017ee v odpov\u011bd\u00edch na tyto ot\u00e1zky se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pozn\u00e1n\u00ed o budoucnosti na\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody a krajiny. A jestli zahradni\u010d\u00edte, m\u011bli byste je rozhodn\u011b zn\u00e1t.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Bol\u0161evn\u00edk velkolep\u00fd, Foto: MabelAmber, Pixabay<\/a>
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Jak se k n\u00e1m invazn\u00ed druhy dostaly a pro\u010d na zahradk\u00e1\u0159\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rozli\u0161ujeme dva z\u00e1kladn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby zavle\u010den\u00ed nep\u016fvodn\u00edch druh\u016f. Samovoln\u00e9, kdy se rostliny pasivn\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed jako \u010dern\u00ed pasa\u017e\u00e9\u0159i v lidsk\u00fdch dopravn\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch nebo pod\u00e9l jejich tras. A z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9, kdy lid\u00e9 \u00famysln\u011b a c\u00edlen\u011b rostliny p\u0159esunou z jejich domoviny jinam. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prvn\u00ed zp\u016fsob je d\u016fsledkem (u\u017e p\u0159ed stalet\u00edmi nastartovan\u00e9) globalizace, a zapad\u00e1 sv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem do p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho chodu p\u0159\u00edrody. P\u0159\u00edkladem je star\u010dek \u00fazkolist\u00fd, kter\u00fd se do Evropy dostal s ov\u010d\u00ed vlnou z Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky a po kontinentu se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed zejm\u00e9na silni\u010dn\u00ed a \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravou. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druh\u00fd zp\u016fsob u\u017e se obhajuje t\u011b\u017eko, i kdy\u017e \u010dasto i za n\u00edm b\u00fdv\u00e1 bohulib\u00fd \u00famysl. M\u016f\u017eeme vy\u010d\u00edtat rodu Buquoy\u016f, osv\u00edcen\u00fdch a vzd\u011blan\u00fdch lid\u00ed (mimo jin\u00e9 zakladatel\u016f prvn\u00ed rezervace ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b \u2013 \u017dof\u00ednsk\u00e9ho pralesa), \u017ee p\u0159ivezl na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky \u201eorchidej chud\u00fdch\u201c neboli net\u00fdkavku \u017elaznatou? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u016f\u017eeme vy\u010d\u00edtat lidem na p\u0159elomu 19. a 20. stolet\u00ed, \u017ee c\u00edlen\u011b vysazovali trnovn\u00edk ak\u00e1t na m\u00edstech, kter\u00e1 byla t\u011b\u017ece po\u0161kozena intenzivn\u00ed pastvou, s c\u00edlem br\u00e1nit erozi a podpo\u0159it obnovu lesa? Asi nem\u016f\u017eeme, proto\u017ee v\u0161e se d\u011blo v bla\u017een\u00e9 nev\u011bdomosti a v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e nad\u0161en\u00e9ho rozmachu lidsk\u00e9 civilizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Net\u00fdkavka \u017elaznat\u00e1. Foto: Maja Dumat, Flickr<\/a>
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ze zahrady do p\u0159\u00edrody<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jen\u017ee ub\u011bhlo mnoho let a tak dnes u\u017e v\u00edme, \u017ee cizokrajn\u00e9 rostliny mohou v zahrad\u00e1ch l\u00e9ta pokojn\u011b r\u016fst, nechat se lidmi ope\u010dov\u00e1vat a \u010dekat na vhodnou konstelaci podm\u00ednek, kdy se vydaj\u00ed na svou cestu do voln\u00e9 krajiny. Tam budou postupn\u011b nab\u00fdvat na s\u00edle a agresivit\u011b, proto\u017ee zde nenajdou p\u0159irozen\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00e1tele. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak\u00e9 v\u00edme, \u017ee se d\u00e1 na z\u00e1klad\u011b vlastnost\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 rostliny p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt jej\u00ed \u201einvazn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l\u201c, i kdy\u017e to nikdy nejde \u0159\u00edct na 100 %. Zku\u0161enost z minulosti n\u00e1m \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme b\u00fdt nemile p\u0159ekvapeni, kdy\u017e n\u00e1m n\u011bjak\u00e1 \u201etich\u00e1 voda\u201c ute\u010de ze zahr\u00e1dky a zaroste t\u0159eba cel\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed nivy. A p\u0159esto se kv\u016fli lidsk\u00e9 rozma\u0159ilosti c\u00edlen\u011b p\u0159iv\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed z exotick\u00fdch krajin nov\u00e9 a nov\u00e9 rostliny, ve velk\u00e9m se prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed a v zahrad\u00e1ch p\u011bstuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bohu\u017eel tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1me praktiky mnoh\u00fdch zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016f \u2013 nejen sd\u00edlen\u00ed rostlin (t\u0159eba zn\u00e1m\u00e9mu na druh\u00fd konec republiky), ale hlavn\u011b nedbalou likvidaci zbytk\u016f nebo p\u0159ebytk\u016f ze zahrad. Sice se dnes dokola mluv\u00ed o prosp\u011b\u0161nosti kompostov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale spousta lid\u00ed nechce m\u00edt pr\u00e1ci nav\u00edc, nechce odv\u00e1\u017eet materi\u00e1l ze zahrady do obecn\u00ed kompost\u00e1rny ve sb\u011brn\u00e9m dvo\u0159e nebo nechce m\u00edt kus zahrady zabran\u00fd nevzhlednou hromadou nebo kompost\u00e9rem (ze kter\u00e9ho se v l\u00e9t\u011b m\u016f\u017ee linout nev\u00e1bn\u00fd od\u00e9r). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A tak zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159 rad\u011bji nalo\u017e\u00ed rostlinn\u00e9 \u201ep\u0159ebytky\u201c a odveze je za plot k bl\u00edzk\u00e9mu poli, do lesa nebo k \u0159ece. Odtud se semena, oddenky nebo jin\u00e9 rozmno\u017eovac\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti p\u011bstovan\u00fdch rostlin lehce dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pozor na nab\u00eddku zahradnictv\u00ed<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee se v zahradnictv\u00edch st\u00e1le prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem na zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1ch nad\u00e1le p\u011bstuj\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 rostliny, kter\u00e9 u\u017e n\u011bkolik let ofici\u00e1ln\u011b figuruj\u00ed mezi invazn\u00edmi druhy, nap\u0159. na seznamu invazn\u00edch nep\u016fvodn\u00edch druh\u016f s v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm dopadem na Evropskou unii zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9m v roce 2016 (na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed EU \u010d. 1143\/2014). P\u0159\u00edkladem jsou klejicha hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1 (Asclepias<\/em> syriaca<\/em>), jesenec okrouhlolist\u00fd (Celastrus<\/em> orbiculatus<\/em>) nebo \u201efont\u00e1nov\u00e1 tr\u00e1va\u201c dochan set\u00fd (Pennisetum<\/em> setaceum<\/em>), kter\u00e9 b\u011b\u017en\u011b najdete v nab\u00eddk\u00e1ch r\u016fzn\u00fdch zahradnictv\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A p\u0159itom pro tyto druhy na \u201eunijn\u00edm\u201c seznamu plat\u00ed z\u00e1kaz dovozu a p\u0159evozu v r\u00e1mci EU, z\u00e1kaz uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed na trh, z\u00e1kaz dr\u017een\u00ed, p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed, rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Klejicha hedv\u00e1bn\u00e1, Foto: Mark Etheridge\/Flickr<\/a>
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Invazn\u00ed druh ze seznamu EU v nab\u00eddce internetov\u00e9ho zahradnictv\u00ed za pouh\u00fdch 13 eur. Zahradnictv\u00ed \u0161kody na na\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b nevy\u010d\u00edslilo.
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Co s t\u00edm? <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud u\u017e na svoj\u00ed zahr\u00e1dce tyto \u010di jin\u00e9 vet\u0159elce p\u011bstujete, m\u011bli byste se jich bezpe\u010dn\u011b zbavit, tzn. u\u0159ezat a vykopat, ne\u017e vyplod\u00ed, a potom \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b zkompostovat (nejl\u00e9pe ve velk\u00e9 kompost\u00e1rn\u011b, kam se voz\u00ed bioodpad ze sb\u011brn\u00fdch dvor\u016f a hn\u011bd\u00fdch popelnic a kde se p\u0159i kompostov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u011b dosahuje vysok\u00fdch teplot, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed rozmno\u017eovac\u00ed org\u00e1ny rostlin zni\u010dit). A pokud je je\u0161t\u011b nep\u011bstujete, m\u011bli byste se rozhodn\u011b vyvarovat jejich n\u00e1kupu a vysazen\u00ed na vlastn\u00ed zahradu. Nejen, \u017ee t\u00edm dostoj\u00edte p\u0159edpis\u016fm, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vylou\u010d\u00edte mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed invazn\u00edch druh\u016f z va\u0161\u00ed zahrady do krajiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u00e9 trojsk\u00e9 kon\u011b v zahrad\u00e1ch?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch druh\u016f, u kter\u00fdch je situace naprosto jasn\u00e1, je je\u0161t\u011b mnoho takov\u00fdch, kter\u00e9 zat\u00edm v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159edpisu nenajdete, ale u\u017e se o nich v\u00ed, \u017ee invazn\u00ed jsou nebo jimi brzy ofici\u00e1ln\u011b budou. Jsou to nejen obl\u00edben\u00e9 byliny jako \u010distec vlnat\u00fd (Stachys byzantina<\/em>), ale nap\u0159. i tzv. mot\u00fdl\u00ed ke\u0159 neboli komule Davidova (Buddlejadavidii<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
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Kohoutek v\u011bncov\u00fd (Lychnis coronaria), Foto: ulleo\/ Pixabay<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u010cistec vlnat\u00fd (Stachys byzantina), Foto: Hans\/ Pixabay <\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Komule Davidova (Buddleja davidii), Foto: Finn Frode\/ Flickr<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

I ty byste m\u011bli na sv\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch postupn\u011b likvidovat a nahrazovat je nejl\u00e9pe na\u0161imi rostlinami nebo alespo\u0148 druhy, kter\u00e9 jsou bu\u010f dlouh\u00fdm \u010dasem prov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9, nebo takov\u00fdmi, kter\u00e9 jsou sice nov\u00e9, ale nevykazuj\u00ed invazn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Jako vod\u00edtko do za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee \u010desk\u00fd projekt \u201eP\u011bstuj bezpe\u010dn\u011b, nepodporuj invazn\u00ed druhy\u201c. Na jeho webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <\/a>najdete p\u011bkn\u011b zpracovanou bro\u017euru, ve kter\u00e9 jsou vyjmenov\u00e1ny, vyfoceny a pops\u00e1ny nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 druhy a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jejich alternativy, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete na sv\u00e9 zahrad\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Autor: Ond\u0159ej Peksa, Beleco<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na jak\u00e9 rostliny si d\u00e1t pozor p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu v zahradnictv\u00ed? A jak se invazek zbavit, kdy\u017e u\u017e je m\u00e1te na zahrad\u011b? P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016fm u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 rady. O invazn\u00edch rostlin\u00e1ch sly\u0161el u\u017e asi skoro ka\u017ed\u00fd. Hodn\u011b se o nich mluv\u00ed, lid\u00e9 tu\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee jsou probl\u00e9mem a snad i podv\u011bdom\u011b ch\u00e1pou, \u010d\u00edm jsou pro n\u00e1s nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. M\u016f\u017eou p\u0159\u00edmo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":261,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-uncategorized-cs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nZodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 zahradni\u010den\u00ed aneb co s\u00a0invazn\u00edmi rostlinami na zahrad\u011b - Inv\u00e1zne rastliny<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/invazky.daphne.sk\/cs\/uncategorized-cs\/zodpovedne-zahradniceni-aneb-co-s-invaznimi-rostlinami-na-zahrade\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 zahradni\u010den\u00ed aneb co s\u00a0invazn\u00edmi rostlinami na zahrad\u011b - Inv\u00e1zne rastliny\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Na jak\u00e9 rostliny si d\u00e1t pozor p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu v zahradnictv\u00ed? A jak se invazek zbavit, kdy\u017e u\u017e je m\u00e1te na zahrad\u011b? P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159\u016fm u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 rady. O invazn\u00edch rostlin\u00e1ch sly\u0161el u\u017e asi skoro ka\u017ed\u00fd. Hodn\u011b se o nich mluv\u00ed, lid\u00e9 tu\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee jsou probl\u00e9mem a snad i podv\u011bdom\u011b ch\u00e1pou, \u010d\u00edm jsou pro n\u00e1s nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. 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